Fig. 2
From: Combining PRNU and noiseprint for robust and efficient device source identification
Examples of device fingerprints (PRNU, top) and model fingerprints (noiseprint, bottom) for cameras of the VISION dataset, estimated using 100 images on a crop of dimension 256 × 256. Device fingerprints are noise-like, weak patterns, all different from one another. Noiseprints are much stronger, model-specific, periodic patterns. Note that the last two devices are of the same model and, accordingly, their noiseprints are almost identical