A survey on security attacks and countermeasures with primary user detection in cognitive radio networks

EURASIP Journal on Information Security

Table 1 Characterization of attacks against the normal functioning of CR networks

Motivations	Attack goals	Attack approaches	Attack effects
Greedy/selfish	Maximize the communication performance of the attacker.	Make the SUs believe that vacant portions of the spectrum are busy (i.e., induce false alarms) and access them exclusively.	A global decrease on spectrum sharing efficiency and usage fairness.
Malicious	Disrupt the performance and operations of the SUs and/or PUs.	Make the other SUs believe that vacant portions of the spectrum are busy.	A decrease in spectrum usage efficiency and, therefore, in the performance of the affected SUs.
Malicious		Make the SUs believe that busy portions of the spectrum are idle (missed detections).	A decrease in the protection of the affected PUs against interferences caused by (erroneous) SU transmissions.